Author: Webmaster (Page 43 of 92)

Patty Gallant-Charette, a 69 year-old woman from Maine has swum vast distances across the world’s oceans, in particular the waters of “Oceans Seven,” the most treacherous and turbulent ocean channels in the world. Oceans Seven was devised in 2008 as the swimming equivalent of the Seven Summits mountaineering challenge (see Robert Whitby 8/26/20). It includes the North Channel, the Cook Strait, the Molokaʻi Channel, the English Channel, the Catalina Channel, the Tsugaru Strait and the Straits of Gibraltar. She has managed to complete all of these save for the Cook Strait, which she has attempted twice, almost made it the last time, and is in line to try it again in the next few years. Aside from these waters, she has swum across many lakes of the world including Lake Tahoe, Loch Ness, Lake Ontario and Lake Windermere.

Patty’s swimming feats have received world-wide attention, and last November, she was inducted into the International Marathon Swimming Hall of Fame. She holds six Guinness World Records (Guinness only recognizes iconic locations):

• In 2017, oldest woman to swim the English Channel (21 miles) at age 67
• In 2018, oldest person to complete the Triple Crown of Open Water swimming: English Channel (21 miles), Catalina (21 miles) and the circuit around Manhattan Island (28 miles) at age 67
• Oldest person to swim the North Channel (21 miles), Ireland to Scotland at age 66
• Oldest woman to swim the North Channel (21 miles) age 66
• Oldest person to swim Loch Ness (22 miles) in Scotland age 67
• Oldest person to complete the Triple Crown of Lake Monster Swims (Lake Tahoe 21 miles, Loch Ness 22 miles, Lake Memphremagog 22 miles) age 67.

Arranged by Tom Igoe

Bryan Hooper’s notes on the talk:

Pat Gallant-Charette came across initially as a mild-mannered, very pleasant, caring grandmother from Maine, but under the guidance of a well-prepared and gently questioning Tom Igoe, Pat revealed the steel in the backbone of her character that supports the incredible accomplishments this former nurse has achieved in long-distance swimming around the world. She currently holds six world records for marathon swimming.

Some 23 years ago, the tragic early death at 34 of one of Pat’s brothers prompted her son, Tom, to commemorate his uncle’s memory by participating in the annual Peaks to Portland swim in Maine. Pat told her son she would like to enter that race, too, but was too old at 46 to contemplate the training regimen required to even attempt the effort. Tom responded with what has become Pat’s mantra ever since: “Ma, you can if you try!” And try she did. Pat trained for a year before competing and succeeding in swimming the 2.4 miles involved, and promptly decided she had enjoyed it so much she would carry on training and entered the race again the following year. From there it was a short step (stroke?) to swimming a lake in Maine that was twice the distance, and by the time she was in her fifties Pat was swimming in events that took 7 hours to complete.

To train for these marathons required starting small and building up stamina and strength by swimming one to two hours most days, and making a major swim of three to four hours every 2-3 weeks. To prepare for coping with the low temperatures encountered in particular locales, e.g., the English Channel, she takes ice baths to develop tolerance. Additionally, as part of her team’s effort and preparation for events, they learn and practice techniques for treating hypothermia, and for dealing with jellyfish stings.

Further effort was needed by Pat to overcome her fear of ocean swimming which arose from an incident in her childhood when a rising tide forced two of her brothers and Pat to swim to shore from their clamming area on a sandbar. On the way to shore one brother saw a fin and cried “shark!” Pat panicked and flailed, before the actual creature – a seal – surfaced before her and she recovered sufficient composure and strength to make it to safety. Since then, she always practices in shallow waters, and has to psych herself whenever she enters an ocean event.

Pat has conquered six of the seven major ocean straits in the world, but has yet to finish the swim across the Cook Strait in New Zealand. Cold water temperatures around 52°-54° are encountered along with extremely tricky currents. To improve her performance, Pat is focusing on losing weight and developing a better swimming stroke to enhance her speed. The Covid-19 pandemic has resulted in New Zealand suspending international competitive events so she will be unable to try again for perhaps another two to three years. We wish her well in the endeavor.

There were a number of video clips used during the actual session involving swimming around Manhattan and across the English Channel, and they can be seen on the link given below. Of particular interest is the brief video from a photo shoot for the swimwear manufacturer, Swimsuits for All, which includes Pat together with Brooke Shields and other models. Finally, look especially for the point in the Q&A session (around 66 minutes in) when Pat casually dropped into her answer the fact that she swam for as long as 24 hours when swimming Lake Ontario. The look of astonishment and amazement on the face of her questioner is also one for the record books.

Click here for a video of her presentation: https://youtu.be/MN5bu0Ez1ek

Robert John Valentine, nicknamed “Bobby V”, is a former American professional baseball player and manager. Valentine played for the Los Angeles Dodgers (1969, 1971–72), California Angels (1973–1975), New York Mets (1977–78), and Seattle Mariners (1979) in Major League Baseball. He managed the Texas Rangers (1985–1992), the New York Mets (1996–2002), and the Boston Red Sox (2012) of MLB, as well as the Chiba Lotte Marines of Nippon Professional Baseball (1995, 2004–2009). Valentine has also served as the Director of Public Safety & Health for the city of Stamford, and an analyst for ESPN Sunday Night Baseball. Since 1980, Valentine has owned and operated Bobby V’s Restaurant & Sports Bar, a sports bar that is located in his hometown of Stamford. He has been the athletic director at Sacred Heart University since July 2013. Sacred Heart opened a $21.8-million fitness facility called the Bobby Valentine Health and Recreation Center last year. Valentine helped to found the Mickey Lione, Jr., Scholarship Fund, which awards scholarships to Stamford sophomores who excel off the field and exemplify the values that Lione instilled in his athletes and students. Valentine was named the Eastern College Athletic Conference administrator of the year in 2018, and has received numerous awards both for his athletic successes and philanthropy.

Arranged by Bryan Hooper

Bryan’s summary of the talk:

Bobby Valentine took us through a peripatetic journey of his memories, stopping off at numerous points to reminisce on highlights from an incredibly full and fascinating life, and then engaged in a lively and entertaining discussion session with our members.

Items of note from his talk were:

• His grandparents arrived in America possessing the grand sum of $12.22.
• He was the only three-year, all-state football player ever named in Connecticut.
• The first manager he worked for in baseball was Tommy Lasorda of the LA Dodgers.
• His first restaurant was opened in Stamford 40 years ago on the site of the former Stagecoach Café.
• Bobby V was the grand marshal of the Columbus Day parade in New York in 2001.
• He was the first non-Japanese to manage a major baseball team in Japan.
• Sacred Heart University honored him by naming their new fitness center after him in 2019.
• His production company is producing a film from the book “The Greatest Beer Run Ever.”

He attributed his success to “hard work plus good luck,” and “doing the right thing for the right reason.”

Bobby V’s presentation and discussion attracted one participant shy of one hundred on our Zoom feed, and provoked the most strongly positive reactions from members we have seen since the Covid crisis began:

“Great time well spent!”

“One of best ever!”

“Bobby V certainly gave a great presentation, is a wonderful speaker (and showman!).”

“Today’s meeting was particularly a fun time with Bobby V.”

“Excellent talk today.”

“So nice to have 90 minutes during which I could simply enjoy stories about his interesting life.”

“Thanks for getting Bobby Valentine for today’s DMA presentation.  He was just terrific!”

Video of presentation: https://youtu.be/ChUPi4FtY3Q

The Metropolitan Museum of Art possesses the finest, most comprehensive collection of Medieval and Byzantine art in the western hemisphere. It is held in two locations: the galleries of the Met’s main building on 5th Avenue and The Met Cloisters in Fort Tryon Park. Dr. C. Griffith Mann will discuss the history of the collection and the role played by J.P. Morgan in its development.

Dr. Mann was appointed The Metropolitan Museum of Art’s Michel David-Weill Curator in Charge of the Department of Medieval Art and the Met Cloisters in September, 2013. In this role, he is responsible for the medieval collections and curatorial staff in the Met’s main building, and for directing the staff and operations of the Met Cloisters, the branch of the Metropolitan Museum dedicated to the art and architecture of medieval Europe. Dr. Mann received his B.A. in art history and history from Williams College, and his Ph.D. in medieval art from The Johns Hopkins University. A specialist in the arts of late medieval Italy, he has published on civic patronage, painting, and devotion in Tuscany. As a curator, Dr. Mann has worked on exhibitions on the medieval cult of relics, the art and archaeology of medieval Novgorod, and French manuscript illumination of the 13th century. He formerly served as the Chief Curator and Deputy Director at The Cleveland Museum of Art, where he helped to lead the museum’s reinstallation, acquisition, and exhibition programs, and as medieval curator and Director of the Curatorial Division at The Walters Art Museum, where he worked on exhibitions and the permanent collection.

Arranged by Bryan Hooper

Bryan’s summary of the talk:

Dr. Griffith Mann returned to the DMA’s virtual podium to relate the story of J.P. Morgan’s important role in the development of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, and illustrated his narrative with selected items from the Met’s collection of medieval art.

From the end of the Civil War in 1865 there was increasing interest by civic and business leaders in fulfilling a vision of the United States as having cultural centers on a par with the best in Europe, and to display original artwork from past and present civilizations. Philanthropists began work on establishing museums around the country in cities including Boston, Philadelphia, Washington, D.C., and, of course, New York, where the Met was founded in 1870, and opened in 1872. Morgan became a trustee in 1889 and was elected President in 1904. In that position, he spearheaded the growth of the Met’s extensive building expansion, which was initiated in 1907 and completed in 1926, as well as setting high professional standards for the museum staff to establish a reputation for expertise and competence in the growing enterprise.

As an art collector, he focused his efforts on following in the footsteps of royal collectors in Europe to concentrate on building his collection by buying items that were not only rare, but also high in quality. His preference in collecting was on objects rather than paintings, although they were not excluded. A major interest for Morgan was archaeological research, particularly in Egyptology, forming the basis of the Met’s current collection for the field, and also in manuscripts and early books, which led to the establishment of the Morgan Library. While he tended to concentrate on individual purchases of interesting objects, Morgan was not averse to buying collections – a French purchase was so large that the Met built a new wing for it! Some of his amassed art works were stored in London at one of his residences, as well as being on display at the Victoria & Albert museum in South Kensington. This was necessitated by heavy import taxes in place until 1909, which deterred shipment to the US, and consequently retarded the growth of the Met’s ability to display more objects.

When Morgan died in 1913, his will stipulated that his executors should “…render the objects permanently available for the instruction and pleasure of the American people…” However, there were no specifics defined, and it was left to Jack Morgan, his son, to ensure the will was carried out. The collection was shown at the Met in its entirety in 1916, and then dispersed to various destinations. In 1917, Jack Morgan gave the museum over 7000 objects, many of which became the foundation of the medieval collection at the Metropolitan Museum of Art.

Apart from visiting the Cloisters to view some of the art bequeathed by J.P. Morgan, you can also see other artworks from the collection that were donated to the Wadsworth Atheneum in Hartford, the city where Morgan was born and buried. The video recording of the presentation by Dr. Mann is posted below, where you will enjoy his ability to tell and show an intriguing story to such good effect.

Video of presentation: https://youtu.be/3bN8stiMyOM

David Pogue will talk about the subject covered in his upcoming book, “How to Prepare for Climate Change.“ He notes that “the number of people who believe that the climate is not changing are dwindling, and it’s currently about 12% of Americans. Twice that number believe that aliens walk among us. There may still be people who believe that the changing climate is not human-caused, or maybe you believe it is human-caused, or that it’s a natural cycle—but either way, you still need to prepare!”

David is a technologist, columnist, entertainer and television reporter.  From 2000 to 2013, he was the New York Times weekly tech columnist. After a five-year detour to Yahoo Finance, he now writes for the Times, WIRED, and OneZero on Medium. He’s a five-time Emmy winner for his stories on “CBS Sunday Morning,” a New York Times bestselling author, and a host of 20 science specials on “NOVA” on PBS. David is one of the world’s best-selling “how-to” authors, with more than 100 titles and 3 million copies in print. They include seven books in the “For Dummies” series, his Pogue’s Basics series of tips and shortcuts, and the Missing Manual series of computer books. David graduated summa cum laude from Yale in 1985 with distinction in music, and he spent ten years conducting and arranging Broadway musicals in New York. He has won a Loeb Award for journalism, and an honorary doctorate in music.  He has been profiled on “48 Hours” and “60 Minutes,” and is regularly featured on “CBS Sunday Morning.”

Arranged by Bryan Hooper

Bryan’s summary of the talk:

David Pogue led us through the background of the subject of climate change and described some of his ideas on how individuals can prepare to cope with the dislocating changes that are projected to occur.

Carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere have fluctuated over the millennia, generally ranging from 180 to 280 parts per million, but have steadily risen over the past 150 years since the advent of the industrial revolution to a peak around 420 ppm. Accompanying that growth has been an increase in global mean temperature, which in turn has fueled changes in weather related phenomena, resulting in increased numbers of hurricanes, floods and wildfires, with consequent loss of life, property damage and other results, such as flooded farmland preventing the planting of crops.

David shared some of his ideas on how we should be preparing for the projected difficulties that will need to be faced:

• His first point concerned where to live. Sea levels are rising and threatening coastal dwellings: Miami is number one on the list of cities that will feel the main impact of inundation, and the projected regional outlook is resulting in the devaluation of Florida real estate. Water shortages are also a key concern in some areas – for example, the Hoover Dam is only one third full due to sustained drought. All things considered, his suggestion is to head above the 42^nd parallel to the Great Lakes region. Relocation areas to consider are Cleveland, Madison, Burlington and Buffalo.
• Secondly, he considered where to invest. Reducing atmospheric carbon levels has spurred the development of renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind-power. Renewables energy production overtook coal-sourced energy output in 2020, and solar is now cheaper per watt than coal. Solar costs have fallen from $80 to 20¢ per watt since 1976. However, with the Chinese dominating the solar market there is little investment opportunity in that direction, and the recommendation is to invest in utilities supplying energy, as well as in water companies, farm equipment producers and in suppliers of components for electric vehicles.
• The third point he discussed is how to insure. Most independent flood insurance ended in 1992 as insurers withdrew from the business due to major losses from Hurricane Andrew, and FEMA now provides 95% of flood insurance through the National Flood Insurance Program. It is $25 billion in debt. A new scheme to be introduced in 2021 has been proposed to raise rates on lower-lying properties, and lower them on properties at higher elevations to reflect real risk. Implementation is scheduled for October 2021: watch this space…
• The fourth point he made is to be prepared. The advice covered an emergency “Go Bag” with food, flashlights and other survival necessities; preparation for emergency water sourcing; a power generator; hand-cranked device chargers; tick and mosquito deterrent; having a plan to keep in touch with your family and friends; owning a tactical flashlight to discourage the bad guys.
• Finally, David suggested we should hope. US gas emissions are declining due to using natural gas instead of coal. While the Federal government might take a hands-off approach, a number of cities are taking their own initiatives toward promulgating renewable energy resources. 250 global companies have committed to 100% use of renewables.

The video of the presentation can be accessed from the link blow, and to learn more detail about David Pogue’s ideas on the topic you can read his new book, “How to Prepare for Climate Change,“ which will be published in January 2021.

Video of presentation: https://youtu.be/7sZ2qdPOprI

Mark Albertson will trace the history of air power as seen through the United States Army, from the establishment of the Union Army Balloon Corps in 1861 to the founding of the United States Air Force in 1947.

Mark is the historical research editor at Army Aviation magazine, and the historian for the Army Aviation Association of America. He has authored several books, including “On History: A Treatise,” and is finishing “Volume 1, Sky Soldiers: The Saga of Army Aviation.“ An avid speaker, he travels Connecticut presenting a variety of historical topics and current events. He teaches as an adjunct at Norwalk Community College for the Extended Studies Program and for the Lifetime Learners Institute. This will be his eleventh presentation to the DMA.

Arranged by Bryan Hooper

Bryan’s summary of the talk:

Mark Albertson, the historian for the Army Aviation Association, related the story of the development of the use of aircraft in the US military, starting with observation balloons in 1861, and moving up to the formation of the United States Air Force in 1947.

The French Montgolfier brothers built the first manned flying balloons and demonstrated them over Paris in 1783. The following year, after observing one of the balloons flying, the prescient Benjamin Franklin opined that it would be impossible to defend against an attack of steerable balloons. He suggested that an invading force of 5000 balloons, two men in each, would cost about as much as one ship of the line, and would pose a far greater threat. Subsequent development of the balloon for military use was undertaken by the Europeans, however, and they were used as observation posts by the French in 1794 in a battle against Austrian and Dutch forces.

The first major-scale use of balloons by the US military occurred during the Civil War when the United States Balloon Corps was formed and organized by Thaddeus Lowe, who used his own balloon, the “Enterprise,” to test fly and attempt communicating via telegraph. In June 1861, Lowe transmitted the first message from air to ground, and President Lincoln at the White House was one of the recipients. Later that year a coal barge based on the Potomac was modified to carry equipment to generate hydrogen gas from iron filings and sulfuric acid, and in turn to feed the gas to balloons used to observe Confederate troop movements: thus, we witness the creation of the aircraft carrier. Two years later, Graf von Zeppelin had his first flight experience in a Union balloon, and then went on to develop his own aircraft in Germany, but the US interest in further balloon development waned.

In 1907, the US Army formed the Aeronautical Division of the Signal Corps and concentrated on developing powered airplanes with the Wright Brothers for reconnaissance purposes in support of ground forces. Ben Foulois of Washington, Connecticut, was one of the pioneer pilots flying the Wright Brothers Type A. He saw action over Mexico in 1916 as an aerial spotter assisting in the search for Pancho Villa’s forces. Foulois served in Europe as Chief of Air Service, American Expeditionary Forces, during WWI, and eventually became Chief of the Air Corps. He retired in 1935 having seen attitudes toward the air service change from regarding it as an arm of the Signals Corps acting in a supporting role, to a recognition that this service should transition to become part of strategic offensive operations.

The US Army Air Corps became the US Army Air Force in 1941, and together with the RAF delivered 2.7 million tons of bombs during WWII – a far cry from the first 18 pound bomb load of hand grenades dropped on Libya by an Italian pilot from a balloon in 1911. Finally, the service became the US Air Force in 1947. Its history since then will have to await at least talk number twelve from Mark.

Video link to his presentation: https://youtu.be/mGJF3NAYUSk

Bert von Stuelpnagel was born in Freiburg, Germany, on March 6, 1950 and graduated from Bad Toelz High School in 1969. After military service and training in banking he worked in the financial industry during his entire career, including 35 years at the New York Branch of BayernLB, a German public sector bank. He retired in 2015 from his last position at that bank as Executive Vice President U.S. Capital Markets. He holds a Master in Political Sciences from State University of Bavaria, and an M.B.A. in Finance from Pace University. Bert has lived in Darien with his wife Lisa since 1984. They have three children, two of whom graduated from Darien High School. Bert is currently serving on the Darien RTM and its Finance and Budget Committee, and on the Darien RTC as its treasurer, and on the Andrew Shaw Memorial Trust, also as treasurer.

Arranged by Bryan Hooper

Bryan’s summary of the talk:

Bert von Stuelpnagel recounted the ascent of Hitler and the several unsuccessful plots against him. Bert spoke with an intimate knowledge gained from research into his family background as he is related to Colonel Claus von Stauffenberg, who placed the bomb designed to kill Hitler in July, 1944, and to General Karl-Heinrich von Stuelpnagel, who was instrumental in the short-lived success of the subsequent uprising in Paris.

In 1932 the Nazi party led by Hitler gained only 33% of votes in the November national election, but due to the inability of the other parties to create a coalition, President Hindenberg was persuaded to appoint Hitler as Chancellor in early 1933. After Hindenberg’s death the following year, Hitler became Der Fuehrer, effectively establishing himself as dictator. He created an alliance with the army and rewarded the generals by enlarging and re-arming their forces. In 1938 he declared himself War Minister and re-organized the chain of command, replacing the leadership. Several generals concocted a plot to overthrow Hitler in that year, but it fell apart after the appeasement by Neville Chamberlain with the signing of the Munich Agreement in late September. World War II followed in September, 1939.

The plotters persisted as the war was waged, and in 1943 a group of 21 officers from the Infantry Regiment in Potsdam developed a variation of the Valkyrie Plan, which was originally devised by Hitler to ensure the continuity of government in case of a putsch against Nazi leadership from forces within Germany. The original Valkyrie contemplated a breakdown of government due to allied bombing or an uprising of parts of the forced labor force of 7 million. In an emergency, prepared orders would be issued to the Reserve Army to maintain law and order within the German territory. Under the plotters’ revision of Valkyrie, the mobilized Reserve Army was to arrest local SS and Nazi bosses to complete the putsch.

The first attempt at executing the plan was on March 13, 1943, when two bombs placed on Hitler’s plane failed to detonate due to the low temperatures encountered in the hold. (The bombs were retrieved for later use on July 20, 1944.) A second effort on March 21^st was aborted when Hitler left an exhibition earlier than expected, and there was another attempt cancelled in the fall that year. Colonel von Stauffenberg resolved to carry out an assassination attempt at the Wolf’s Lair, Hitler’s headquarters for the Eastern Front. He had to pass on two dates in July before seizing the opportunity on July 20^th. The bomb was left in a briefcase in the conference room under the table close to Hitler, but the briefcase was moved by one of the generals. Von Stauffenberg had set the detonator and left the room, taking a car to the airport to fly to Berlin, when the bomb exploded. It killed four people and severely wounded another nine. Hitler survived with singed trousers and a perforated eardrum – and hosted a meeting with Mussolini that afternoon! Von Stauffenberg was arrested in Berlin, court-martialed, found guilty, and executed just after midnight on the next day.

General Karl-Heinrich von Stuelpnagel, the High Commander of Occupied France in Paris, had attempted to recruit Field Marshal Rommel to the rebel cause on July 7^th, 1944, but Rommel was injured in a strafing attack ten days later and replaced by Field Marshal von Kluge. On July 20^th, after being apprised of the supposed death of Hitler, von Stuelpnagel followed through on the Valkyrie Plan and arrested 1200 SD (security forces), Gestapo and SS personnel. Von Kluge refused to go along with the plan, ordered the release of the prisoners, and von Stuelpnagel then went by car to Berlin. On the way he attempted suicide, but failed and was turned in to the authorities. He was tortured, tried, and executed on August 30^th. Rommel’s fate was little better: he was allowed to commit suicide via poison pill and died on October 14, 1944. Altogether, 7000 were arrested in connection with the coup attempt, and 5000 were executed.

In the five years from the start of the war until July 1944, 2.8 million Germans died, and in the 9 months from July until the end of hostilities in Europe, another 4.8 million died. Of the total of 60 million people killed in the European theater of operations, it is estimated that 30 million died after that July.

Slides used in the presentation:  Presentation Stauffenberg Putsch October 20 2020

Video of the presentation: https://youtu.be/iV28yBh7iVA

Professor Charles Yarish received his Ph.D. from Rutgers University in 1976 and then joined the faculty at the University of Connecticut where he is in the Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology and The Department of Marine Sciences. He has also been an adjunct Professor of Marine Sciences at the State University of New York at Stony Brook, visiting Scientist at the Biologische Anstalt Helgoland, Germany, a visiting Professor of Marine Biology at the University of Groningen, The Netherlands, and a Guest Professor at Shanghai Fisheries University, China. He has served with many organizations including the International Executive Service Corps’ Aquacultural Project (Kenya), the Organizing Committee & the Executive Secretariat for the Vth International Phycological Congress, Qingdao, China, and as a member of the RCN for the US National Science Foundation genome project on Porphyra. Professor Yarish has been an invited participant in many international invited symposia and meetings in Canada, Chile, Cuba, Germany, Ireland, Japan, People’s Republic of China, Mexico, Portugal, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, The Netherlands and the USA, which have dealt with the ecophysiology, biogeography and aquaculture of seaweeds. At UCONN, he developed an internationally known Seaweed Marine Biotechnology Laboratory for seaweed R&D. He is intimately involved in the development of the global seaweed aquaculture industry and in particular in the USA. He has published extensively, and edited several books. In addition to receiving a number of awards over the course of his career, in 2019 Professor Yarish received the Phycological Society of America’s Award of Excellence for his sustained scholarly contributions in, and impact on, the field of phycology over his career.

Arranged by Bryan Hooper

Bryan’s summary of the talk:

Professor Charles Yarish of UConn educated and enlightened members with his talk on the ecological and economic benefits of seaweed, and the development of the aquaculture industry both globally and locally.

Worldwide, the industry produces 66 billion pounds of product, representing around $11 billion in value. The market has grown at an average annual rate of 8% since 1970, with Asian countries leading the growth driven by a shortage of agricultural land. China represents 48% of world production, with the US virtually nowhere. Main uses for seaweed products include food, animal feed, fertilizers and biomass for fuels. A major extracted class is phycocolloids such as alginates, carrageenans and agars, products that are used, for example, in texturizing, thickening, and emulsifying, as well as a range of medical uses, including antivirals and anti-fungal agents. The US imports almost 16 million pounds of dry seaweed and produces another 85-95,000 pounds via aquaculture and wild-grown. Prices for derived products range from 50¢ a pound for commodity colloids up to $2,000 for specialties for pharmaceutical uses.

Professor Yarish has been working on developing the growth of kelp in Long Island Sound for over thirty years, coping with the obstacles raised by environmental regulations, license requirements and recreational needs. He explained that seaweed farming requires no fresh water or fertilizer, helps reduce carbon dioxide and nitrogen levels, and complements the shellfish industry. Two key products are grown, gracilaria (red seaweed) in the summer months and saccharine (sugar kelp) as a winter crop.

There are currently three open water seaweed farms in the Sound, in the Bronx, Branford and Fairfield. Across the country, from a zero base ten years ago, there are now over 70 farms, with most centered in Maine, Connecticut and Alaska. The industry is considered an opportunity for workforce growth, and the Algae Technology Educational Consortium was established to promote this initiative. The potential for development of biomass as an energy resource has been recognized by the Advanced Research Projects Agency – Energy of the Department of Energy through funding research on microalgae to examine scalable, cost competitive and sustainable biomass production.

Projects being worked on by Professor Yarish include:

• Mechanized production and harvesting of tropical seaweeds in the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea
• Scalability of coastal/offshore production in Alaska and Connecticut to grow sugar kelp
• Selective breeding technologies for scalable offshore farming to increase productivity 10-20% per generation
• The further development at UConn of kelp breeding technology

However, perhaps the greatest global benefit from current seaweed research projects might come from studies underway between Penn State and UConn on the use of the macroalgae Asparagopsis in cattle feed. It has been demonstrated to reduce methane emissions from cows by up to 99% in some cases, and if widely applicable and adopted could lead to a major reduction of this carbon pollution source.

Presentation video: https://youtu.be/jFnVv3aXD3s

Donald Anderson, Darien’s Chief of Police, will be talking about a subject of current interest, policing in the year 2020 and beyond. Chief Anderson has been a member of the Darien Police Department since 1983. He was promoted to the rank of Sergeant in 1999, Lieutenant in 2000, and to his previous rank of Captain in 2013. Before his promotion to Chief of Police in 2019, he held the position of Captain of the Administrative Services Bureau. He holds a bachelor’s degree in criminal justice from Sacred Heart University and a master’s degree in criminal justice from Iona College. He is also a graduate of the 245th session of the FBI National Academy, is a state-certified Motor Vehicle Accident Investigation Instructor, and also served as a member of the Detective Division and the Specialized Accident Investigation Team.

 Arranged by Bob Fiske

Bryan Hooper’s summary of the talk:

Don Anderson, Darien Chief of Police, joined the force in 1983 and rose through the ranks to become Chief in 2019, following in the footsteps of his father, Bruce Anderson, who was Chief of Police in the years 1988-1993.

Chief Anderson stressed that the Darien Police Department closely follows the guidance from the State of Connecticut regarding training and oversight of officers. Darien also achieves its exemplary record through good hiring policies which ensure the town has professional, competent personnel. He stated that all incidents involving use of force must be reported: last year, Darien had only thirteen cases, and none of them involved “excessive force.” Similarly, officers must report occasions when a taser is pulled out, and no tasers have been used in the past four to five years. All interactions with the public are recorded by a body or a dash-camera for mutual protection of the public and the police, and to maximize transparency.

Moving to the national situation created by concerns about cases of police brutality, Chief Anderson addressed some of the points raised by Campaign Zero in their suggested steps to address policing via the “8 can’t wait” tenets:

• DPD banned the use of chokeholds and strangleholds 25 years ago, with the caveat that they could be used to defend yourself in extreme situations. For the same length of time, the force has been training officers in cases involving positional asphyxia or excited delirium to cope with “can’t breathe” situations.
• De-escalation of domestic violence and mental health confrontations are another part of existing training, and the DPD involves professionals in both areas whenever possible.
• Warning before shooting is already applied, and Chief Anderson emphasized that weapons are to be used only as a last resort.
• Duty to intervene is also laid down as a standard to apply if officers see a colleague using excessive force, and was enforced in the DPD even before it became part of the recent Connecticut police reform bill.
• Shooting at moving vehicles is barred by the DPD.
• Comprehensive reporting is already required by the DPD.

Chief Anderson also commented on the part of the Connecticut legislation that eliminated “qualified immunity” for police officers, and said that it will remove the safety net that police had when resolving incidents effectively through taking rapid action, and could lead to more lawsuits against them. He is hopeful the legislature will modify this part of the bill in the future to avoid the loss of some professionals.

He addressed a number of questions from the membership for 45 minutes, and these can be viewed with the rest of his talk by clicking on the following URL link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jMeIalgfKxQ&feature=youtu.be.

Chief Anderson said that he is “always available to answer any questions or offer follow-up on Darien Police Department operations.” Finally, in light of the increase in car thefts from driveways, he made a plea to his audience to “Lock your car everywhere, every time!”

Mark Nunan was born in Cork, Ireland, in 1953. At an early age, he moved to Homewood and then Hoover, Alabama. In 1971, he graduated from Indian Springs High School, where he was editor of the school newspaper and literary magazine, member of the Student Judiciary group and played in the soccer team. Mark graduated from the University of Alabama in 1976. He continued his education at Stanford University, where he was awarded a master’s in 1979 and a Ph.D. in 1983. During that same period, he was a George Lurcy Fellow at L’École normale supérieure and at the University of Paris-Sorbonne in Paris as part of his Ph.D. program. He was a member of Pi Kappa Phi academic honor society and participated in medical research in one of the largest blood pressure and cardiovascular disease research studies in the United States.

Mark started his career with COS, Inc. in 1982 in Palo Alto, Calif., and then transferred to Paris and New York City in 1980, where he retired as a senior vice president in 2018. COS is a private firm that provides business and economic development services, assisting companies and governments in researching, developing and implementing new business expansion opportunities, mainly in North America and Europe. Mark and his partner Isabelle live in Darien and have one son and a daughter-in-law and two grandsons living in Europe. He belongs to the Stanford Alumni Association, A-Ulm: Association des Anciens Élèves de L’École normale supérieure, and Phi Kappa Phi. His leisure activities include reading, investing, walking, hiking, travel, music and spectator sports – specifically, soccer and college football.

Following his detailed and informative talk earlier this year on Robert Moses, Mark will be speaking about another major influence in the history of the city of New York, Mayor Fiorello La Guardia.

Arranged by Bryan Hooper

Bryan’s summary of the talk:

Mark Nunan described in his meticulous and thoroughly-researched presentation the incredible life and achievements of Fiorello La Guardia. Born in New York City in 1882, La Guardia was a second generation Italian American who was later brought up in Arizona where his father served in the US army. He went back to Trieste with his father in 1898, and worked for the US Consulate in Croatia before returning to New York in 1906, where he became an interpreter at Ellis Island, putting to good use his language skills – he was fluent in German, Italian, Croatian and French. He attended NYU Law School, graduated in 1910, and was admitted to the New York bar the same year.

Following an initial career as a labor lawyer, La Guardia was persuaded to run for Congress and succeeded at the second attempt in 1916. He voted against prohibition, and for the establishment of the military air service. This unbelievably talented man then volunteered to join that service, becoming a major and commanding officer of the American Combat Division in Italy, and followed up by working with the Italians to improve their aircraft manufacturing industry, for which he was recognized and honored by King Victor Emmanuel.

After his time in Italy, La Guardia went for a second act in national politics, becoming a congressman again in 1922, and remaining in Washington until 1933. His major achievements there involved setting up much of the New Deal legislation with the FDR administration, key anti-injunction legislation to provide more even treatment of labor by government, and the successful repeal of prohibition.

His third act involved becoming the 99th mayor of New York. He failed in 1929, but was nominated in preference to Robert Moses as a candidate by the Republicans and the Fusion parties in 1933, and won the election. By the time he took office, his collaboration with FDR’s enablers, Hopkins and Ickes, had snagged for New York 20% of the country’s new jobs created by the Civil Works Administration. La Guardia installed a talented group of commissioners and set about reform projects, including the establishment of the first public housing developments, and pursued the criminal mob with vigor.

One of his popular successes was to win the artichoke war, breaking the mob’s monopoly of the supply and distribution of the vegetable, and enabling retail prices to be slashed by 30 to 40%! He won 72 out of 73 indictments brought against the mob.

Working closely with FDR, he ensured money flowed to support New York infrastructure projects, and developed both La Guardia and Idlewild (now JFK) airports. He won a third term as mayor in 1941, and was also nominated by Roosevelt to head the Office of Civil Defense for the country, splitting his time between New York and Washington.

La Guardia did not run for a fourth term, had a brief stint at the United Nations in 1946 as a director general, and died in 1947. He is buried in Woodlawn Cemetery in the Bronx (a site that was visited this week by the Happy Wanderers).

Mark’s presentation slides chronicle the innumerable accomplishments of this talented, indefatigable and caring man, and they can be found at https://dariendma.org/wp-content/uploads/FINAL-La-Guardia-DMA-Nunan.pdf, and the videotape of the session can be accessed at https://youtu.be/lcmP27mHZGA

Michael J. Critelli grew up in Rochester, New York. He graduated from Bishop Kearney High School in 1966 and the University of Wisconsin with a B.A. in political science and communications in 1970, then graduated from Harvard Law School with a J.D. cum laude in 1974.

Prior to joining Pitney Bowes as a Counsel in 1979, Mike was an associate at two Chicago law firms. At Pitney Bowes, he became the Company’s General Counsel in 1988 and added responsibility for its human resources functions in 1990, functions he jointly led until 1993. Mike became the Company’s CEO in 1996 during a period in which the Company and the mailing industry underwent transformational change. Under him, Pitney Bowes was named one of America’s most ethical companies, and was ranked as one of America’s most innovative companies and in the top 200 of patents issued. During his tenure Pitney Bowes exited its office systems and external finance businesses and completed over 80 acquisitions to build strength in software, services and international operations. Through a combination of acquisitions and organic investments, the Company diversified into adjacent “mail stream” market spaces.

Mike was directly engaged in the development, release and marketing of Relia-Vote, Pitney Bowes’ voting-by-mail offering, and advocated its use with election officials in many states. He was awarded one patent on a feature that detected ballot fraud. He also acquired and helped develop a Company business that scanned and recognized handwritten documents and envelopes at high speed.

Between 2001 and 2005, Mike co-led the Mailing Industry Task Force, along with Deputy Postmaster General John Nolan, to enable the U.S. Postal Service to work with the private sector on a variety of initiatives, and was heavily used as an industry spokesperson during the 2001 anthrax bioterrorism incidents. He also chaired the Mailing Industry CEO Council, which was an advocate for comprehensive postal reform, an effort resulting in the passage of the Postal Accountability and Enhancement Act of 2006.

Mike retired from his position as Executive Chairman of Pitney Bowes in 2008. He currently is the CEO and co-founder of MoveFlux Corporation, and is a member of the advisory boards of RAND Health, the TH Chan Harvard School of Public Health, and Wellville, a non-profit focused on getting innovative population health initiatives deployed in five communities. He has been a member of the Board of Eaton Corporation, a leading global power management company, since 1998.

Mike joined the DMA in 2019, and with his wide experience and knowledge of the mailing industry it is appropriate that he will address and discuss one of the major issues being faced in this election season – voting by mail.

Lori Swetlin currently holds a tenured Sales Executive and Consulting position at Bluecrest Inc., formerly the Document Messaging Technologies Division of Pitney Bowes. She will join Mike in discussing some of the newer technology tools she has successfully deployed with cutting-edge election administrators and her work with the  Postal Service on products of particular value for voting-by-mail.

She currently leads BlueCrest nationally in implementing “soup to nuts” processing and tracking of mail pieces and is an expert in vote-by-mail solutions.  During the current Covid-19 pandemic, Lori has been helping municipalities and states implement vote-by-mail systems; acquire necessary equipment and software;  and manage the dynamic political, social, environmental, health, cultural and regulatory environment.

Lori earned her degree from Bowling Green State University.  She resides outside of Akron Ohio with her husband Tom. In her free-time, Lori enjoys traveling, gardening, lake activities, reading and any time with family.

Arranged by Gary Banks and Bryan Hooper

Bryan’s summary of the talk:

Mike Critelli and Lori Swetlin addressed the currently hot topic of voting by mail. What started as a means of enabling Union soldiers to cast a vote in 1864 has grown to the point where the coronavirus pandemic is driving many voters away from voting in person and to considering this alternative. The situation across the United States is complex because access to absentee voting varies by state, with five states having converted 100% to postal voting, some allowing choice, and others insisting on voters affirming why they are unable to vote in person.

Additionally, the rules and processes for managing the election vary by state: in Connecticut, the Secretary of the State sets most of the rules. There are a number of stakeholders involved in the process, including the US Postal Service, stationery manufacturers, equipment vendors and state and local election officials. Key components of the process require establishing voter identification and residential qualification, advising voters of the rules to follow, printing and mailing of ballots, tracking the ballot mailing and returns, verification of signatures, and tabulating the votes. Tracking has been raised as a major concern and the “Intelligent Mail Barcode” has been developed to provide the ability to trace the ballot envelopes at each stage of the mailing pathway. Once signatures have been verified by election officials, counting of the votes is carried out and an end-to-end audit trail is established that complies with the states’ laws and regulations for validating votes.

It all sounds fraught with a potential multitude of problems, but Mike asserted that the systems in place work extremely effectively, if not always with 100% efficiency. For instance, the USPS is presently hampered by the reduction in the number of commercial flights which are the main conduit for transporting mail over 1000 miles, and by a shortage of truck drivers who are responsible for delivering mail on journeys under 1000 miles. His major concern is ballot harvesting, which involves third parties, such as volunteers, state party loyalists, or contract workers outside the Postal Service distributing and/or collecting ballots. He believes ballot harvesting should be banned because:

• Ballots can be lost in the collection and return process
• Some voters can be coerced into supporting the ballot harvester’s preferred candidate
• Harvesting, especially if the harvester directs the voter not to sign the ballot, lends itself to fraud.

For the question and answer session, Mike and Lori were joined by Denise Merrill, Connecticut Secretary of the State, and Susan Gray, a Darien Registrar of Voters, and we are most grateful to them for providing more detailed information specific to Connecticut and Darien.

Mike slides: Voting by Mail Presentation

Video of presentation

Vote by Mail Part 1

Vote by Mail Part 2